![]() Harrington AW, Ginty DD (2013) Long-distance retrograde neurotrophic factor signalling in neurons. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2(9):a001750 Grueber WB, Sagasti A (2010) Self-avoidance and tiling: mechanisms of dendrite and axon spacing. Gibson DA, Ma L (2011) Developmental regulation of axon branching in the vertebrate nervous system. Physiol Rev 91:555–602ĭong X, Shen K, Bülow HE (2015) Intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms of dendritic morphogenesis. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 34:495–521ĭebanne D, Campanac E, Bialowas A, Carlier E, Alcaraz G (2011) Axon physiology. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2:a001917Ĭurcio M, Bradke F (2018) Axon regeneration in the central nervous system: facing the challenges from the inside. Springer, ChamĬhedotal A, Richards LJ (2010) Wiring the brain: the biology of neuronal guidance. In: Shackelford T, Vonk J (eds) Encyclopedia of animal cognition and behavior. Annu Rev Neurosci 32:347–381īentley M, Banker G (2016) The cellular mechanisms that maintain neuronal polarity. Mol Cell Neurosci 84:36īarnes AP, Polleux F (2009) Establishment of axon-dendrite polarity in developing neurons. KeywordsĪrmijo-Weingart L, Gallo G (2017) It takes a village to raise a branch: cellular mechanisms of the initiation of axon collateral branches. Our aim is to lay out a conceptual framework for understanding how axons and dendrites are generated. Using several cell models, we provide an overview of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying these steps. In this chapter, we discuss five common steps that have been extensively studied in recent years. After the birth of a neuron, its only axon and many dendrites are generated through a series of steps, some simple but most complex, that lead to the formation of the mature morphology that is suited for neuronal function. Axons and dendrites allow neurons to communicate with each other and thus are critical to the neural connections that support the complex behaviors we have. ![]() These morphologies are constructed from axons and dendrites that extend from the neuronal cell body. Neurons, or nerve cells, have the most eye-catching yet diverse morphologies in the body.
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